Welcome! I hold a PhD in Political Science from Binghamton University. My research lies at the intersection of comparative politics and international relations; it centers on how external actors influence repression, rebellion, and refugee flight from states, and how strategic interests motivate external actors to respond to repression and civil conflict. My dissertation analyzes how variations in the quality of flight options from violence in civil war shapes both civilian displacement and rebel strength. Additional projects focus on third-party intervention into civil and interstate conflict, mechanisms to promote investment and economic development, and the impacts of humanitarian aid.